Ayutthaya Travel Guide - The Beautiful Ancient Capital of Thailand

When people think of Thailand, they immediately think of the bustling capital Bangkok, the crystal-clear beaches of Phuket, or the picturesque old town of Chiang Mai—all popular tourist destinations known internationally. However, if you're looking to experience a Thailand that feels both familiar and unique, with ancient architecture and a peaceful atmosphere steeped in history, Ayutthaya is an unmissable destination.

The beauty of Ayutthaya is closely tied to the history of a glorious dynasty.

1. Ayutthaya - The Ancient Capital Recognized by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site

The history of Ayutthaya spans over 400 years (1351 - 1767) and is closely linked to the powerful Ayutthaya Kingdom. At its peak, Ayutthaya was one of the world's leading trading centers, connecting trade between Asia and Europe due to its strategic location and open policies.

Inside the ancient city, countless grand structures rose, showcasing a harmonious blend of Ayutthaya's civilization with foreign influences. Notable features include magnificent Buddhist monasteries, splendid red brick temples, and a well-planned system of canals and moats. Located at the confluence of the Chao Phraya, Mae Nam Lop Buri, and Pa Sak rivers, Ayutthaya was often referred to as the Venice of the East, thriving in trade and culture.

However, after the destruction caused during the Siam–Burma War, Ayutthaya was nearly completely ruined. Today, only remnants of this once-glorious dynasty remain, with its beauty still reflected in the towering pagodas, temples, and serene palaces along the river.

In 1991, UNESCO officially recognized Ayutthaya as a World Heritage Site, solidifying its place as an important historical treasure of the Land of Temples.

2. When is the Best Time to Visit Ayutthaya?

The ideal time to visit Ayutthaya is from November to February, coinciding with Thailand's dry season. During this period, the temperatures are pleasant, ranging from 25 to 30°C, making it perfect for outdoor activities like sightseeing and temple visits.

In particular, if you visit Ayutthaya during the Loy Krathong Festival in November, you’ll have the opportunity to witness the city sparkling with traditional lantern lights and experience many exciting cultural activities.

Ayutthaya Travel Guide - The Beautiful Ancient Capital of Thailand

Ayutthaya, the ancient capital, is beautifully illuminated during the Loy Krathong Festival.

From March to May, Ayutthaya enters the hot season with temperatures often exceeding 30°C. During this time, the historical sites are relatively less crowded. You can take advantage of the early mornings or late afternoons when the sun is not too intense to visit the sites, but make sure to drink plenty of water and keep your body cool to avoid heatstroke.

The rainy season lasts from June to October, bringing occasional showers. However, compared to other parts of Thailand, Ayutthaya is less affected by monsoons, so traveling is not too inconvenient. The sight of lush greenery and the tranquil ruins in the rain can offer a romantic and peaceful experience when visiting Ayutthaya during this time.

3. What to See in Ayutthaya?

Ayutthaya does not boast the grandeur or bustling energy of typical tourist cities, but it is an ideal destination for travelers seeking a slow journey to reflect on the ancient values and the beauty of a glorious past.

3.1 A Journey Back in Time at Ayutthaya Historical Park

Covering an area of 2,556 square kilometers, Ayutthaya Historical Park is a vast complex filled with important temples, palaces, and Buddha statues from the ancient capital. Here, visitors can explore Wat Mahathat, where a Buddha head is mysteriously entwined in tree roots; Wat Phra Si Sanphet, famous for its three golden chedis; or Wat Lokaya Sutha, home to the largest reclining Buddha statue in Thailand.

Spending a day in Ayutthaya Historical Park allows you to immerse yourself in the grandeur of ancient architecture, with weathered bricks and moss-covered walls that tell the story of time. As you wander, a guide will lead you through the glorious history of the Ayutthaya dynasty. Each ruin, even in its incomplete form, holds a story of the kingdom’s past splendor.

Ayutthaya Travel Guide - The Beautiful Ancient Capital of Thailand

Ayutthaya Historical Park is home to many important historical sites and ruins

3.2 Bang Pa-In Summer Palace - A Royal Legacy

Located 60 km north of Bangkok, the Bang Pa-In Summer Palace is a beloved spot for visitors exploring Ayutthaya. The palace complex includes the Astronomical Garden, the Aisawan Dhipaya Palace situated on a tranquil lake, the Warophat Phiman Palace with its classic European architecture, and the iconic Ananda Samakhom Throne Hall with its striking white marble bridge. The harmonious blend of natural beauty and architectural marvels from both Eastern and Western influences makes for a truly captivating and relaxing visit.

Bang Pa-In Palace has hosted many significant royal receptions and events. As you explore, each step brings you closer to the royal life of the past and the shining milestones of the Ayutthaya kingdom

Ayutthaya Travel Guide - The Beautiful Ancient Capital of Thailand

Bang Pa-In Summer Palace shines beautifully along the Chao Phraya River

3.3 Shopping and Dining Experiences at Local Markets

Thanks to its riverside location, Ayutthaya attracts visitors with its unique floating markets, where you can find a variety of souvenirs and local specialties. The colorful boats glide along the river, passing wooden Thai-style houses on either bank, with occasional bridges creating a picturesque scene. Visitors can enjoy famous dishes such as mango sticky rice, seafood curry, and som tam while cruising along the river. Additionally, art performances are a popular attraction, drawing crowds of spectators.

The night markets in Ayutthaya are even livelier and are often described as a food paradise in the heart of the ancient capital. Here, visitors can indulge in affordable local delicacies. The weekend night markets typically run from 5 PM to 11 PM, evoking a nostalgic charm with bamboo stalls and traditional dishes served on banana leaves.

Floating market in Ayutthaya.

4. Detailed Guide to Getting to Ayutthaya

Ayutthaya is located in Phra Nakhon Si Ayutthaya District (Ayutthaya Province), about 80 km north of Bangkok. For travelers from Vietnam, the most convenient way to get to Ayutthaya is to fly to Bangkok. From there, visitors can reach the ancient capital by the following methods:

Bus: This is the cheapest way to reach Ayutthaya, with tickets ranging from 50 - 100 Baht (38,000 – 75,000 VND). You can catch a bus at Mo Chit Station, with multiple departures throughout the day. However, it can take around 3 hours to reach Ayutthaya by bus.
Train: From Hua Lamphong Railway Station in Bangkok, you can take a train to Ayutthaya in about 1.5 - 2.5 hours. Depending on the class, tickets range from 70 Baht (52,000 VND). It is recommended to check the train schedule and book tickets in advance for the best experience.
Taxi: For more flexibility and convenience, you can take a taxi from Bangkok to Ayutthaya. The journey can take 2 - 2.5 hours, with fares ranging from 1,000 - 3,000 Baht (750,000 – 2,250,000 VND), depending on traffic conditions. Be sure to agree on the price beforehand and consider booking a round-trip taxi if you plan to return to Bangkok the same day. Additionally, you can use popular ride-hailing apps in Thailand like Bolt and Grab to find affordable rides.

Once in Ayutthaya, you can explore the area using Tuk Tuk, bicycles, private rentals, or simply by walking to visit the various attractions.

5. Ayutthaya Travel Tips

5.1 How Much Time Should You Spend in Ayutthaya?

Depending on your schedule and interests, you can plan a day trip or stay longer in Ayutthaya to fully experience its local charm:

Day Trip: Since Ayutthaya is only 80 km away from Bangkok, it is possible to make a day trip. To make the most of your visit, try to start early in the morning and keep track of the return train/bus schedules to avoid missing them. Popular activities for a day in Ayutthaya include the Hop-on Hop-off tour to famous temples, visiting the Bang Pa-in Summer Palace, exploring museums, and more.
2 Days and 1 Night: Although Ayutthaya is not very large, it holds the cultural and historical beauty of a great dynasty over many decades. Spending 2 days here allows you to enjoy the ancient capital from sunrise to sunset, immerse yourself in the local lifestyle, cycle around the city, visit more historical sites, explore the floating market, and try local delicacies at the famous Bang Lan Night Market. Accommodation options in Ayutthaya range from budget guesthouses to resorts with swimming pools.

5.2 Cost of Traveling to Ayutthaya

Compared to other tourist cities in Thailand, Ayutthaya offers a very affordable cost of living. Here are some estimated costs for your trip:

Transportation Costs: Round-trip flight tickets to Thailand typically range from 2,500,000 - 5,000,000 VND. Transportation to Ayutthaya and local travel within the city will cost around 300,000 - 3,000,000 VND, depending on distance and mode of transport.
Food Costs: Ayutthaya offers a variety of food options, with prices comparable to those in Vietnam. There are plenty of affordable street food stalls. The average cost of food is about 550,000 VND per day.
Attraction Fees: Most entrance fees to historical sites range from 20 - 50 Baht (15,000 - 38,000 VND), with a few special locations charging 100 Baht (75,000 VND).
Accommodation Costs: Room rates depend on the quality and location. Budget guesthouses start at 300,000 - 500,000 VND per night, while luxury hotels or resorts may cost over 3,000,000 VND per night.

So, with only 5,000,000 VND, you can plan a memorable journey exploring the enchanting ancient capital of Ayutthaya, filled with unforgettable experiences.

5.3 Some Tips When Visiting Ayutthaya

Ayutthaya is famous for its historic ruins that are rich in timeworn beauty. To fully appreciate the charm of the place, it’s a great idea to learn about the history, immerse yourself in the ancient structures, and pay attention to any available guides.
Though there are no strict rules, it's best to dress modestly and respectfully when visiting historical sites, temples, and shrines.
Be sure to protect yourself from the sun, drink plenty of water, keep cool, and wear comfortable shoes for walking, as exploring Ayutthaya involves a lot of walking.
Finally, don’t forget to plan ahead and book your flight early to secure the best price.

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